Do's and don'ts for electric vehicle care and maintenance

Battery protection

The most valuable part of an electric car is its battery. To increase its life, it is important to change charging habits. Never let the battery reach 0 percent for daily use and never charge it to 100 percent. For lithium-ion batteries, it is ideal to keep the charge between 20 and 80 or 90 percent. If your car has a nickel cobalt manganese battery, charge it to 90 percent. And if it has a lithium iron phosphate battery, it is better to charge it to 100 percent at least once a month. Excessive heat damages the battery. During the extreme heat in Bangladesh, try to park the car in a shaded place or garage. If the car is unused for 15 days or more, keep it charged at least 50 percent and occasionally start it and shake it a little, so that the lubrication is correct.

Braking system and regenerative braking

EVs have regenerative braking technology, which charges the battery by collecting energy when the car is stopped. Due to this technology, the pressure on the mechanical brakes is reduced, as a result of which the brake pads and discs last much longer than in conventional cars. Although the brakes wear out less, regular brakes should still be used occasionally to prevent rust. Check the brake fluid at least once a year and change it if necessary.

Tire maintenance

The weight of the battery of an electric car is very high, which creates additional pressure on the tires. EV tires can wear out 20 to 30 percent faster than regular cars. So it's important to rotate tires every 10,000 miles or 12 months. Maintain proper tire pressure. Low pressure reduces battery range and tires wear out faster.

Cooling system and fluid check

Although EVs don't have the hassle of changing engine oil or gear oil, some fluids need to be checked. There is a specific cooling system to keep the battery and electronics cool. Check the coolant level according to the manufacturer's instructions. Although EVs don't have a complex gearbox, the drive differential requires a small amount of fluid, which needs to be changed every so often. Just like regular cars, clean or change windshield washer fluid and cabin air filters regularly.

Conventional vs. Electric Cars

EVs have 40 to 50 percent lower maintenance costs than conventional cars. EVs don't have pistons, valves, timing belts, cylinder head gaskets, or exhaust systems. As a result, there is no risk of these components breaking down. There is no need to change the engine oil, oil filter or fuel filter. The transmission system is very simple, eliminating the hassle and cost of gear-related repairs.

Software Updates and Electronics

Modern electric vehicles are like computers on wheels. Many EVs receive software updates via Wi-Fi. These updates help increase the vehicle's performance and range, so install them regularly. In addition to the main traction battery, the vehicle also has a common 12-volt battery, which runs the lights and electronics. This should be checked or replaced every three years.